Q1. What is Topology and Network Topology? Network Topology types?
Ans. The term topology refers to the way in which a network is laid out physically. The topology of a network is the geometric representation of the relationship for all the links and linking devices (usually called nodes) to one another. There are four commonly used topologies: mesh, star, bus and ring.Q2. Explain Mesh Topology with its advantages and disadvantages ?
Ans. Mesh Topology
In mesh topology, all devices are cross-connected to communicate each other. There are two types of mesh topology:1. Full Mesh Topology :
Each node is connected to every other node in the network. A full mesh topology is very expensive but provide most reliability. If one node fails, network traffic can be redirected to any other of the nodes. It is generally reserved for backbone networks.2. Partial Mesh Topology:
In this topology, some nodes are organised in a full mesh, but other nodes are connected to only one or two other nodes in the network. Partial mesh is less expensive to implement and usually found in peripheral networks.Mesh topology is often coupled with star, ring or any other topology to form hybrid topology. WAN (Wide Area Network) like Internet uses mesh network structure.
Advantages of Mesh Topology:
The advantages of mesh topology are as follows:1. It is efficient in a sense when one node fạils, others continue to work without disruption.
2. Network can be easily expanded.
3. In one particular instance, you can send the data from one node to many nodes.
4. The use of dedicated links guarantees that each connection can carry its own data load.
Disadvantage of Mesh Topology:
The disadvantages of mesh tolplogy are as follows:1. It is quite expensive since a bulk wiring is required.
2. Installation and configuration can be a very difficult task.
Q3. Explain Bus Topology with its advantages and disadvantages?
Ans. Bus Topology
Bus topology uses the single communication line called backbone which is shared by all the nodes or computers to communicate. It is used for smaller networks mainly and is one of the most simplest and reliable ways to communicate.When a node wants to communicate with the other nodes in the network, each node is connected along the single line cable (such as twisted pair, co-axiale cable etc.) and data is transmitted along the communication line or bus. Data packet contains the information like source and the destination address which determine the node that receives the data. There are terminators at the two ends of the communication bus.
Bus topology is passive in a sense that nodes only lookout for a signal and does not in any way facilitate signal transmission.
Advantages of Bus topology:
Following are the advantages of bus topology:1. Easy to implement and can be extended by adding other peripherals.
2. Cost efficient as less cable length is required.
3. Suitable for smaller networks.
4. Even if one node breaks down, network does not get hampered.
5. Nodes or workstation can be easily taken out at will from the network.
Disadvantages of Bus topology:
Following are the disadvantages of bus toplogy:1. Within a given cable length, limited number of nodes can be added.
2. If there is a failure in the backbone cable then the entire network breaks down.
3. Data transfer rate gets slow down if more nodes are added.
4. Only one data packet can be transferred at a particular moment, when two signals are added on communication bus then the collision occurs between both of them.
Q4. Explain Ring Topology with its advantages and disadvantages?
Ans. Ring Topology
Ring topology is a network topology in which the nodes or the computers are connected in a closed loop. It is also called as circular topology. In ring topology, each device has a point-to-point line configuration only with the two devices on either side of it.A signal is passed along the ring in one direction, until it reaches its destination. Each device in the ring incorporated a repeater.
Advantages of Ring topology:
These are as follows:1. High performance delivered due to unidirectional transmission.
2. Token ring technology reduces the need of server or central hub to manage the workstations.
3. Ring topology is easy to install and reconfigure.
4. Transmitting network is not affected by high traffic.
Disadvantages of Ring topology:
These are as follows:1. If one node is disrupted then the whole network gets down.
2. It becomes difficult to add/remove nodes.
3. Troubleshooting is difficult in ring topology.
Q5. Explain Star Topology with its advantages and disadvantages?
Ans. Star Topology
In star topology, every node is connected to central node called hub or switch. The switch is the server and the peripherals are the clients.Data from the source is first delivered to the hub and then transferred to the other nodes. It is easy to add or remove nodes or workstations in this topology. Each node in the network is connected with a point-to-point link to the centralised hub. If a particular workstation or a node gets an error then the entire network is not affected.
Advantages of star topology:
The advantages of star topology are as follows:1. Easy to install and implement.
2. Give better performance as message does not pass through various nodes unlike bus topology.
3. Faulty nodes can be easily removed without affecting the other nodes in the loop.
4. This topology allows easy error detection and correction.
Disadvantages of star topology:
The disadvantages of star topology are as follows:1. If the central hub fails then the whole network is disrupted.
2. If more nodes are to be added then more cable would be required and this would increase the cost.
3. Data transfer rate depends on capacity of the central hub.
[Topics= Network Topology types, Mesh Topology advantages and disadvantages, Bus Topology advantages and disadvantages, Ring Topology advantages and disadvantages, Star Topology advantages and disadvantages.]
Topic End.
[Topics= Network Topology types, Mesh Topology advantages and disadvantages, Bus Topology advantages and disadvantages, Ring Topology advantages and disadvantages, Star Topology advantages and disadvantages.]
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Network Topology and Network Topology types (link).[Topics= Network Topology types, Mesh Topology advantages and disadvantages, Bus Topology advantages and disadvantages, Ring Topology advantages and disadvantages, Star Topology advantages and disadvantages.]